Sammy: My parents say it is---------------------------------------------------culture, and that if they don’t do it the men will destroy me at a tender age. (them, their, theirs).

Stephen: What… That is an abuse of human rights? It is punishable--------------------------------------law. (for, by, of).

Sammy:Yes.--------------------------------------------------------the culprits are sent to prison or pay heavy fine. (neither, either, both).

II-Fill the blank spaces in the cloze text with the appropriate expressions from the brackets. (5 marks)

Haniel and Habib are twins. They look so much alike, -------------------------------------------------------(however, although, even). Haniel is---------------------------------------------------------------------------------than his brother. (most intelligent, more intelligent, intelligent). “We love --------------------------------so dearly”, they always say. (one another, each other, others). Their desire is to wear the same outfits all the time, but they have only a----------------------------------------------------------------------of them. (little, few, small). They also wish to get --------------------------------------------------------------------to women who have the same caring and loving attitude as them. (marry, marriage, married). 

SECTION B: VOCABULARY (10 marks)

I-Fill in the blank spaces with the appropriate words chosen from those in the box. (5 marks)

Conscious, waste, floods, conscience, fatty, sore, height, careful

1) See a doctor whenever you have------------------------------------------------throat.  It may be a symptom of a serious disease.

2) Children who eat a lot of--------------------------------------------food put on so much weight.

3) Most novice teachers hardly come to school late. They are so time-------------------------------------------

4)You know that it is a--------------------------------------------of time for you to chat endlessly with friends on the telephone instead of studying your lesson.

5) Tell that not to buy that piece of land in the valley because during the rainy season the river overflows its banks and causes---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

II- Fill in the blanks with appropriate words of your own. (5 marks)

a) The Cameroon national flag should always be treated with-------------------------------------------------------

b) The consequences of poor hygiene include serious ----------------------------------------------------- such as diarrhea as well as body infections.

c) There have been severe ----------------------------------------------------------------as a result of heavy rains. People have been killed, homes and businesses have been damaged. 

d) Used clothes and shoes that are still good, should be washed repaired and reused instead of being---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------away.

e) The Hygiene and Sanitation Company sensitised the people in our neighbourhood on the importance of throwing dirt in---------------------------------------------------------------------------provided by the council. 

SECTION C: READING COMPREHENSION (10 marks)

Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow it. Use your own words as much as possible.

Poverty is the driving force of AIDS pandemic in Africa. In poor communities, men are forced to migrate to other areas in search of work, which means that husbands may be away from their wives for a week or more and may seek extra-marital relations. This is particularly true when they frequent bars, usually the only form of entertainment readily available. At the same time, poor women are being forced into prostitution as the only means of earning an income to feed their children. As a result, Southern Africa has become the global epicenter of the AIDS pandemic. Some of the most high-risk groups are married women and young uneducated girls, who are often powerless in matters of sexual relations. 

While African small holder farmers have always been poor, those infected or affected by HIV/AIDS become destitute. This is because of additional expenditures on medical fees, funeral services and the care of orphans. The loss of adult family members means less farm labour is available. As a result, fewer crops are planted. Later, weeding is neglected, and harvests are reduced. 

When husbands die, their families loose payment from their employment. When women (who are responsible for securing the family’s food supply, caring for the sick and bringing up relatives’ orphans) are severely traumatized, they face an uncertain future, either living with relatives or fending for them.

Despite decades of development in rural Africa, most people still do not have access to clean water, hygienic sanitation, electricity, affordable health care, education and food security. As a result of the AIDS crisis on African economies, even the most modest development gains are being lost. People living with HIV urgently need all of these things. Yet this situation is likely to worsen. With access to clean water, timely treatment for opportunistic infections and a nutritious diet, people living with HIV can live healthy and productive lives from ten to fifteen years. In southern Africa, people are dying of AIDS within five years because they are poor and do not have the most basic food security.

Source: Graded English for Colleges Bk 3.

QUESTIONS

1) In what sense is AIDS a result of poverty in the passage?    (1 mark)

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