I- Rewrite the following sentences as started for you without changing the meaning.

The ladies got ill because they used soiled objects.

If the ladies……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………….

They must use treated mosquito nets if they want to prevent Malaria.

Unless……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………….

The police caught the thief yesterday.

The thief………………………………………………....………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

These goods cost 26OO Francs each.

How much……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Both teachers and learners have incompressible rights.

Neither…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

II- Complete the sentences below by putting the words in brackets in the correct forms.

President Donald Trump has just been………………………………………………….……by the Supreme Court. (to impeach)

Elections are carried out by…………………………………………………………………………………….…………(we)

In a democracy, representatives are…………………………………………(to choose) by citizens…………………...without any foreign intervention. (them)

Racism ……………………………….…… if humans had learnt how to respect people from different races. (to disappear)

Before the colonial masters got to our continent, elections ……….....…never…..…………. In the continent. (to hold)

In some African states, some parents would rather…………..………………a female child in marriage than let her continue her education. (to send)

The women were asked to stop…………………………...........genital mutilations. (to practise)

A good number of young citizens weren’t used to……………..…………..the laws and regulations of the state before the arrival of Professor Kamto. (to master)

Had the voters earlier gone to the pools, the results …………………………different. (to be)

None of the candidates……………….... in the fairness of election authorities. (to believe)

III- Fill in each sentence with the most suitable words chosen from those in the brackets. 

The constitution holds that……………………is above the law. (anybody, nobody, nothing)

A law ……………………tribalism will help in insuring  harmony among citizens. (against, among, for)

All citizen must…………….………….by the laws of the Nation. (abode, afford, abide)

Cameroon is a democratic nation. There is no doubt ………..……that. (in, from, about)

Peace ought to reign………..………. members of the same community. (between, at, among)

Citizens are asked to………….…………their vote in the ballot box. (cast, make, undertake)

All political opponents will have to hold……………………till the resignation of the actual head of state. (out, through, on)

Genital mutilations are illegal …...………the eyes of the law. (at, before, in)

Corruption………………….good governance for many years in Cameroon. (hinders, hadhindered, has hindered)

Good governance won’t be a reality in Africa,……………..…………………our leaders promote general interest.  (as long as, unless, provided that)

VOCABULARY.

I- Complete the sentences below by putting the words in brackets in the correct forms.

Genital………………………………......................................……are illegal actions. (to mutilate)

Cameroon is a……………….nation. (to democratize)

We have never witnessed such…….…………………..in Cameroon. (free)

The …………………..criminal court is located in the Haye. (nation)

Corruption and………………....are acts of bad governance. (to embezzle)

During an election campaign, candidates must be treated………………….....…….and justly. (equality)

President Obama was……………….....…elected in the USA. (democracy)

Vote are always encouraged for…………………their representatives. (to elect)

The UEFA champions league authorities are energetically fighting against………….conflicts in the football arena. (race)

The Cameroon Renaissance Movement is a great………………….party. (politic)

President Trump’s……………… proceeding was fair and transparent. (to impeach)

Elections must be full of……...........….in order to ensure fairness in the process. (transparent)

II- Complete the dialogue below  on elections and democracy with the missing words.

Paul: Good morning Peter. How are you? Is it true that………………………..mutilations are against the law?

Peter: Yes of course. Breast ……………………and …………………..marriages also hinder the rights of female children.

Paul: Do you also believe that…….………….rights are respected in Cameroon?

Peter: Of course. Freedom of expression and other rights are promoted and protected by the constitution.

Paul: What is the first step to take if one needs to cast his vote in a democracy?

Peter: Citizens are asked to………....on………………lists so as to have a voting card after registration. Then, they are expected to cast their vote in the…………………………..………box.

Paul: Wonderful. I’m impressed on how enlightened you are on citizenship. What’s the next step to take after getting out of the polling station? 

Peter: After that, the constitutional council has jurisdiction to declare the winning ………………………………….

That aims to ensure fair and………….elections in a democracy.

Paul: Thanks a lot.

Peter: My pleasure.

 III- In each sentence a word is underlined. Choose the word that is closest to it from the brackets.

The criminals are now facing the music after their action……………………. (beingpunished, dancing, resting)

Democratically elected leaders don’t have any skeleton in their cupboard…………………… (have discretion, have nothing to hide)

The man turned out to be a parliamentarian……………… (is nobody,is likely to be, was indeed)

No citizen is above the law. They must all abide to the rule of law. …………..........(bedisrespectful to laws, be submissive to laws, respect one another)

Some people believe that laws are double edged swords. ……………………(theypunish and protect citizens, they are sharp on both sides, they cut with both sides)

In a court room, people are expected to speak in a low tune…………………………(loudly, in a stormy manner, slowly and calmly)

The woman was in two minds concerning who to her heir. ……........……(not sure, quitesure, undecided)

There is often blackout in the neighbourhood…………………. (much electricity, absence of electricity, not much electricity)

A jail term is a just reward for those who transgress laws……………… (punishment,recognition, award)

The love for one’s fatherland can make citizens  blind on the atrocities going on ……….……. (does not see, sees partially, refuses to see)

IV- In each sentence choose the corresponding  antonym to the underlined word from those in brackets.

Peter was given more punishment for his crime. ………………………….(few, may, a lot)

When the police arrived the thief was still alive…………………….(dead, asleep, sick)

Many people purchase gifts during Christmas………………….……..(take, sell, bring)

The trial didn’t last till morning………………..…..(first, start, end)

Corruption in Africa is getting better……………………..(best, least, worse)

A computer is a modern tool……………………..(older, ancient, new)

The criminal was sentenced at the beginning of the trial……..………………(finish, depart, end)

Some people find it boring staying in a court room…………..(exciting, surprising, chocking)

Goods are sold at low prices during the Christmas period.…….(cheap, expensive,cost)

The court found the girl innocent…………………………(illegal, caught, guilty)

The northwest inhabitants are said to be hostile to visitors…………………………………………(welcoming,terrible, frightening)

V- Complete the blanks with the most appropriate word chosen from those in brackets.

The boys were put in………………………after their arrest. (court, jail, custody)

The court passed a…………………....on the criminal case. (ruling, rules, judge)

The state counsel does……………….in cases of felonies. (process, prosecution, trial)

There were lots of ………………………. running for the recent election. (candidacy,candidature, candidates)

Votes are counted in the………..……..station. (polls, polling, ballot)

 COMPREHENSION. 

Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

The weakness of democracy in West Africa does not only lie on the nature of the society. On the contrary, only democracy can solve its problems, since that is the only framework which makes it possible for men of different tribes, languages and religions, to live at peace with one another. Its weaknesses lay partly on the uncertainties generated by rapid change, and the emotional temperature of independence, which gave unscrupulous men a chance to seize power. The political institutions and philosophies inherited from Britain and France were also a source of weakness. In the one hand, they were so democratic in that they did not distinguish between democracy and license. In the other hand, these institutions were not democratic enough, because they failed to give proper representation to minorities and opposition groups.

The main weakness of democracy, however, is that not enough of West Africa’s newly educated believe it to be feasible. The system still has powerful adherants in the area, who have looked to their fellow democrats outside at least, for spiritual comfort. They remain unable to inspire themselves from western countries, considered as models of democracy; because the latter is said to be useful at that part of the world and not in Africa. 

Reason cannot by itself create democracy, but since democracy is made by democrats, reason and faith are necessary prerequisites. The first condition for democracy is that young people now pouring out of schools should understand the real nature of their problems, and not be taken in by fake explanations. Only then can we revive our long awaited democracy.

QUESTIONS

Point out two weaknesses of democracy in Africa.                                             

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Is democracy necessary in Africa ? How can it be helpful to the continent?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

How has the colonial system hampered the proper implementation of democracy in Africa?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4 . How can we compare democracy in African and developed countries?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5 . What solutions does the author propose to remedy this situation?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

COMPOSITION

Write an essay of about 200 to 250 Words on any of the topics below.

Is it possible to talk of the existence of democracy in Africa?

Do you share the view that elections are the only means of promoting democracy?

Write a letter to the minister of territorial administration complaining about some irregularities observed during elections. Your name is Mbella Moki Charles, your address is P.H.S. kumba, PO BOX: 0145, Kumba.